Natural hirudin secretion is a type of bioactive substances, exists only in medicinal leeches (such as Philippine cattle leech Hirudinaria manillensis Lesson #) of the head and the secretion of saliva, salivary glands only when leeches in the vampire secretion and mix to prevent blood clots in saliva, the other parts of the body is not including the natural hirudin, this kind of phenomenon and snake venom only exists in the ministry of the snake poison gland and other parts of the body such as snake meat is not including snake venom,Non-blood sucking leeches such as Whitman pigra Whitman do not contain natural hirudin.

Unit of measure for the international unit of hirudin, shorthand AT -u, namely under the condition of 37 ℃ environment, and a unit of thrombin the required amount of hirudin referred to as an international unit

Compared with heparin and other anticoagulants commonly used in clinical practice, natural hirudin has the following unique characteristics:

1, small molecular weight, can be directly active infiltration, transdermal absorption.

2, anticoagulant effect: the strongest in the world ever found the strongest antithrombin natural substances, anticoagulation, it does not need to be assisted at the same time factor (antithrombin Ⅲ), is a direct and irreversible specificity antithrombin inhibitor, with high specificity.

3. Anti-thrombosis and direct thrombolysis without recurrence after thrombolysis.

4. It can completely neutralize the formed thrombin (including free, binding type and residual thrombus on the pipeline surface).

5. Inhibit platelet aggregation and activation.

6. Reduce blood fat, reduce blood viscosity, expand capillaries, speed up blood flow, increase blood flow, improve blood circulation and promote metabolism.

7. Treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.

8. Anti-inflammatory.

9. No obvious antigenicity.

10. Compared with heparin, the risk of bleeding is small.

No change in heart rate, blood pressure or breathing rate.

12, easily soluble in water and saline, insoluble in acetone and other organic solvents.Unusually stable in dry state without becoming dry, pure temperature up to 100 ℃ or pH change does not affect its activity.Inactivation occurs only when heated under alkaline conditions.

13, anti-trypsin hydrolysis, by pepsin and chymotrypsin digestion, still have a high anticoagulant activity, therefore, natural hirudin can be taken orally, which brings great convenience to the drug.

To sum up, the natural hirudin in clinic is widely used in the prevention and treatment of a variety of chronic non-communicable diseases due to blood stasis and sub-health population, its indications, liver and kidney and blood disease of heart head blood-vessel, male YiNanZheng of department of gynaecology, trauma, pain and respiratory, nervous system and cancer, etc., such as stroke, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, prostate hyperplasia, menopausal syndrome, alzheimer's disease, arthritis, menstrual cramps, impotence, nephrotic syndrome, bone hyperplasia, hair loss, stomach disease, impotence, etc.

In addition, natural hirudin is a natural product of peptides with unique functions, so it can also be used in the fields of health food and health food.

Second, the application of natural hirudin in beauty

Natural hirudin has good compatibility, transdermal absorption, nourishing skin, improving blood circulation, promoting metabolism, delaying skin aging, anti-inflammatory and other functions.

1. Good compatibility: natural hirudin is a low-molecular polypeptide with small molecular weight, no toxicity and no obvious antigenicity.Easily soluble in water, very stable at room temperature, can be added to any cosmetics.

2. Transdermal absorption:

Scientific studies have shown that under the normal human skin cells can only absorb the molecular weight of 8000 daltons or less material, and the current market sales of cosmetics in the natural material such as hyaluronic acid, SOD, its molecular weight are tens to hundreds of thousands of, so the skin to absorb, and the natural hirudin molecular weight is 7000 Dalton, only can be absorbed through skin, particularly suited to cream type of topical preparations. 

3, nutrition skin: protein is the material foundation that forms human body, it is composed by basic unit -- amino acid, but its molecular weight is larger, be in commonly tens of thousands to millions of above, cannot be absorbed directly by machine body use, only its hydrolysis is all sorts of amino acid or low molecular polypeptide hind ability is absorbed by machine body.

Polypeptide is the intermediate product after protein hydrolysis, it also is composed by amino acid, it has the nutrition of protein, amino acid besides, still have structure simple, molecular weight is small, absorb fast, efficiency is high, below extremely trace or trace circumstance can produce its distinctive physiology function.Mainly peptides in the body while content is minimal, but its high biological activity, on physiological function and metabolic activity of cells play a role of biological regulation, directly or indirectly affect the growth of a variety of cell types, division, differentiation, proliferation and migration, in beauty, plastic surgery, burns, ulcers and various skin diseases play an important role in wound repair and healing.

Natural hirudin is a polypeptide substance, which also has similar nutritional skin

The effect of

4, improve blood circulation, promote metabolism, delay skin aging: many European beauty research institutions have begun to use polypeptides, hirudin and other substances to relax skin capillaries, promote blood circulation, in order to achieve significant cosmetic effect.The anticoagulant substances added to cosmetics are absorbed through the skin and enter the subcutaneous microvessels, which combine with the coagulation factors in the microvessels to reduce the level of fibrin in the blood vessels, unclog the blood vessels and accelerate the nutrient substances entering the skin with the microcirculation, thus improving the skin metabolism.

Natural hirudin is a heparin-like substance, which is the same kind of natural anticoagulant as heparin. The difference is that heparin is an indirect anticoagulant, while hirudin is a direct anticoagulant.The anticoagulant effect of natural hirudin is much stronger than that of heparin.

5. Anti-inflammatory.

To sum up, the natural hirudin has not just play the role in the traditional sense of the peptide nutrition skin, more important is to play its unique anticoagulant, dissolving thrombus, anti-inflammatory, lower blood viscosity and peripheral vascular expansion, accelerate the blood flow velocity, improve blood circulation, promote metabolism, not the kui is a drug in cosmetics.

Application of natural hirudin in scientific research

Natural hirudin is a direct anticoagulant and can contain thrombin

1: l, that is, one international unit (at-u) of natural hirudin can neutralize the coagulation of one international unit

Therefore, natural hirudin can be used as a biochemical reagent to detect the activity of thrombin.